U.S. declares July takeover in Niger was a military coup

The United States on October 10 declared that the July takeover in Niger was a military coup d’etat, which results in officially suspending assistance to Niger, but there are no plans to change the U.S. troop presence in the country, senior administration officials said.

Niger has been a key partner for Washington’s fight against Islamist insurgents who have killed thousands of people and displaced millions more.

The decision, which limits what assistance Washington can provide the country, was made after it became clear the junta did not want to abide by constitutional guidelines to restore civilian and democratic rule, a senior official said.

Assistance that would be affected by the coup designation was already paused, but October 10th’s decision officially suspends it.

“We’re taking this action because over the last two months, we’ve exhausted all available avenues to preserve constitutional order in Niger,” the official said.

The United States has been pressing for a diplomatic resolution of the crisis that erupted on July 26 when

Niger military officers seized power, deposed President Mohamed Bazoum and placed him under house arrest.

“Any resumption of U.S. assistance will require action by the National Council for Safeguarding the Homeland (CNSP) to usher in democratic governance in a quick and credible timeframe,” State Department spokesperson Matthew Miller said in a statement.

Despite the coup designation, the United States at this time has no plans to change its troop posture in the country, another official said.

Over the past decade, U.S. troops have trained Nigerien forces in counterterrorism and operated two military bases, including one that conducts drone missions against Islamic State and an Al Qaeda affiliate in the region.

One official said that counterterrorism operations in Niger will remain paused in the interim and activities to build the capacity of Niger’s armed forces will be suspended.

“This coup assessment demonstrates that we cannot continue business as usual in Niger,” the official said.

The Pentagon in September repositioned some troops and equipment within Niger and withdrew a small number of non-essential personnel.

There are now about 1,000 Department of Defense personnel in the country, one official said. Before the movement, there were 1,100 troops.

While there are no plans at this time to change posture, the Pentagon will continue to evaluate any next steps on presence in the country based on the security environment, force protection and counterterrorism interests, among other factors.

The first official said Washington had urged the junta to abide by the constitution, which in the view of the United States stipulated a “transition government dealing with a national emergency would have to restore civilian and democratic rule within 90-120 days.”

“As time has passed, it’s become clear that the CNSP officials that we’ve been dealing with did not want to abide by these constitutional guidelines and, in fact, they’ve told us that they’ve chosen to repeal that constitution,” the official said.

Washington in August paused certain foreign assistance programs totaling nearly $200 million that benefit the government of Niger, but said it would continue giving humanitarian and food assistance.

The junta has been informed of Washington’s need to suspend certain assistance, the official said, adding that the United States will maintain humanitarian and health assistance that benefits the people of Niger.

French troops begin withdrawal from Niger

French military convoys have begun withdrawing from bases in southwest Niger, marking the start of a departure demanded by Niger’s junta that has dealt a further blow to France’s influence in West Africa’s conflict-hit Sahel region.

Pickup trucks and armoured personnel carriers laden with French troops drove through the dusty outskirts of the capital Niamey on Tuesday, a Reuters reporter said, after the junta late on Monday said the withdrawal would kick off the following day.

In a statement read on state television, the military government called for citizens’ cooperation with the troop movements that it said would involve some of the 1,500 French soldiers leaving Niger via road to Chad, a journey of hundreds of kilometres through sometimes insecure territory.

A few dozen French servicemen flew out of Niger on a military plane on October 9, an airport worker and two other sources familiar with the flight said.

Following weeks of pressure from the military officers who seized power in July, France last month agreed to withdraw its troops based in Niger, marking a definitive breakdown in military ties with its former colony amid a wave of anti-French sentiment in the region.

French forces have also been kicked out of neighbouring Mali and Burkina Faso since their militaries seized power, leaving a gaping hole in international efforts to counter the decade-old Islamist insurgency in the Sahel, and exacerbating Western concerns over Russia’s expanding influence in Africa.